Fintech · Digital assets & payments
Accounting for Payment Flows, Customer Funds & Digital Assets
Clean reconciliations and crypto at fair value, so your audit doesn't stall.

Digital assets & payment flows

Accounting for payment flows, customer funds and digital assets

Greywood CPA helps fintech companies account for the flows that make them hard to audit: money moving between processors, banks and customers, customer funds held in trust or for benefit of others, chargebacks and reserves, and digital assets.

Under ASU 2023-08, most crypto assets a company holds are measured at fair value, with changes in net income, for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Earlier, they were carried at cost less impairment. Payment flows don't have a single standard; they need clean reconciliations and clear policies.

Last reviewed: November 2026

Reconciling payment flows

  • Processor payouts reconciled to transaction-level data, net of fees
  • Clearing and suspense accounts cleared every period, not carried forward
  • Timing differences between transaction date, settlement and bank receipt documented
  • Refunds, chargebacks and disputes tracked to closure

Unreconciled clearing accounts are the most common reason fintech audits run long.

Customer funds and for-benefit-of accounts

Funds held for customers, often in for-benefit-of (FBO) accounts at a partner bank, must reconcile daily or monthly to the customer ledger. Whether these balances appear on your balance sheet depends on your role and the legal arrangement, and the presentation has to match.

Chargebacks, fraud losses and reserves

Payments and lending businesses need reserves for expected chargebacks, fraud and credit losses, based on actual loss history. Lending platforms holding loans or receivables apply the current expected credit loss (CECL) model.

Crypto assets at fair value

ASU 2023-08 requires in-scope crypto assets to be measured at fair value, with gains and losses in net income and specific disclosures, for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Assets in scope are generally fungible, intangible crypto assets that don't give rights to underlying goods or services. Wrapped tokens, NFTs and stablecoins may be outside its scope and follow other guidance.

How the engagement works

  1. Flow mappingWeek 1

    We map how money and assets move through your accounts.

  2. Fixed-fee proposalWithin 1–3 business days

    Scope and one fixed fee.

  3. Reconciliations and policiesWeeks 2–5

    Reconciliation templates, reserve methods and written policies.

  4. Monthly or year-endOngoing

    Reconciled balances ready for your audit.

Why fintechs choose Greywood CPA

  • Fixed fee, agreed first. No hourly billing and no surprise invoices.
  • Senior people on your file. Every engagement is led by a senior professional and signed off by a CPA partner. Meet the team.
  • Licensed and registered. Virginia Board of Accountancy firm license #134961, AICPA member, with out-of-state registrations where required. See our credentials.

Related

Digital asset and payment accounting FAQs

How are crypto assets measured under GAAP now?

Under ASU 2023-08, in-scope crypto assets are measured at fair value with changes in net income, for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption allowed.

Are stablecoins covered by ASU 2023-08?

Not always. The standard covers fungible intangible crypto assets that don't give rights to underlying goods, services or assets. Many stablecoins give a right to redeem and may fall under other guidance.

Do customer funds go on our balance sheet?

It depends on your legal role and the account arrangement. Funds held in for-benefit-of accounts need careful analysis, and the presentation has to match the legal terms.

Why do fintech audits take so long?

Usually because clearing and settlement accounts aren't reconciled to transaction data. Monthly reconciliations shorten the audit significantly.

How do your fees work?

We quote one fixed fee in writing before any work starts, based on transaction volume, accounts and asset types.

Clearing accounts that never quite balance?

Tell us how money moves through your business. A senior CPA will send a fixed-fee proposal within 1–3 business days.